Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2021, 1. For jail admissions, see Zhen Zeng and Todd Minton, Jail Inmates in 2019, U.S. footnote3_xowhr8u 3 For prison populations, see Jacob Kang-Brown, Chase Montagnet, and Jasmine Heiss, People in Jail and Prison in Spring 2021, Vera Institute of Justice, 2021, 1. Nearly 1.2 million people are serving sentences in state and federal prisons, and 10.3 million are admitted to local jails every year. footnote2_m7q2o6q 2 Silber, Subramanian, Maia Spotts, Justice in Review: New Trends. While the nation’s imprisoned population has declined since peaking in 2009, incarceration levels remain extraordinarily high (see figure 1). Yet the impact of these efforts has been relatively modest. States and localities have also invested in rehabilitation and reentry services. Ī remarkable wave of legislation has shortened custodial sentences and widened eligibility for sentences served in the community. In the past decade, Congress enacted two major federal criminal justice reform bills: the Fair Sentencing Act and the First Step Act. For county-level reforms, see, for example, Shannon Heffernan, “Report: Cook County Bail Reform Reduced Jail Population Without More Crime,” NPR, May 13, 2019, Alvaro Ortiz, “Federal Judge Approves Settlement Over Historic Lawsuit on Harris County Bail System,” Houston Public Media, September 5, 2019, and Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association, Amended Local Rule 9.1 (Misd Bail Policies), January 23, 2019, –1-misd-bail-policies-1–16–19/. footnote1_b7ui625 1 Rebecca Silber, Ram Subramanian, and Maia Spotts, Justice in Review: New Trends in State Sentencing and Corrections 2014–2015, Vera Institute of Justice, 2016, 4–5, –2015-updated.pdf. Nearly all 50 states, many counties, and the federal government have sought to reduce imprisonment and mitigate its harms. View the entire How Perverse Financial Incentives Warp the Criminal Justice System seriesīipartisan efforts to change the criminal justice system have gained momentum around the country in recent years. Advance Constitutional Change Show / hide.National Task Force on Democracy Reform & the Rule of Law.Government Targeting of Minority Communities Show / hide.Campaign Finance in the Courts Show / hide.Gerrymandering & Fair Representation Show / hide.
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